A Comparison of the Emotion-Focused and Cognitive...

Abstract Anger is often a difficult emotion to express and understand and it has come to be recognized as a significant social problem that our society facing today. This paper discusses the efficacy of the Cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) and the Emotion-focused therapy (EFT) for treating patient with anger problems and compared therapists’ view on emotion which how they see emotion as the prime mover in human experience in different ways respectively. Besides, the development, overview and the similarities of CBT EFT has been critically compared and discussed in this essay. CBT and EFT conceptualize emotional problems differently and employ different techniques in each therapy. Although the CBT and EFT possess many distinct†¦show more content†¦Some studies have shown that techniques geared toward facilitating emotional changes at the affective level produce more powerful and beneficial changes than those focused at the cognitive level alone (Watson Rennie, 1994). Howeve r, by exploring the various characteristic of CBT and EFT, it can lead us to a more integrative and eclectic approach to anger management. Overview of Emotion-Focused Therapy (EFT) Before starting the discussion of emotion-focused therapy, it is very important to have an understanding of what emotion is. Historically, emotions were seen as nonspecific and disruptive; however more recent analyses have emphasized the functions that emotions serve (Hebb, 1949). Although emotions address different adaptive problems, they generally facilitate decision making, prepare the individual for rapid motor responses and provide information regarding the ongoing match between organism and environment (Schwarz Clore, 1983). In addition to this, emotion also serves as a social function for they inform us about others’ behavioral intentions, give us clues as to whether something is good or bad and control our social behavior (Greenberg Safran, 1987). From an emotion-focused perspective, according to Greenberg (2004), emotion disorder is seen as a result of more failures in the dyadic regulation of affect, avoidance of affect, traumaticShow MoreRelatedThe Theories Of Cau sation And Development Of Bdd1519 Words   |  7 Pages The theories of causation Different factors seems to contribute to the development of BDD. According to the main researches, we need to consider the combination of genetic, biological, psychological, and social/cultural factors at the core of BDD. Although we are aware that the dangerous messages of our culture about the importance of appearance may contribute to the etiology of BDD, we want to prioritize what experts found about the genetic, biological, and psychological factors. In her preliminaryRead MoreCompare and Contrast the Main Principles in Any Two of the Followingpsychological Therapies: Psychoanalysis, Behavior Therapy, Cognitive Therapy or Humanistic Therapy1584 Words   |  7 PagesPsychology Assignment 1 â€Å"Compare and contrast the main principles in any two of the followingPsychological therapies: psychoanalysis, behavior therapy, cognitive therapy or humanistic therapy.† Over the detritus of centuries, mental illnesses (such as anxiety, depression and personality disorder) have been a major contentious topic, especially in the medieval times in which religion centered, cultural and traditional influenced people deemed these exhibiting symptoms of psychopathology asRead MoreEffective Performance At Work Requires Effective Time Management, Self Organization Planning And Self Motivation1759 Words   |  8 Pagesbeliefs, more decision-related confusion and greater work related anxiety (Barkley Murphy, 2010). Problems with relationships may be observed due to tendency to anger easily or to overreact to minor stressors (Kulman, 2016). While inattention is not specific to adult ADHD as it is strongly related to other psychiatric disorders, in comparison, EF problems are more specific and important in the diagnosis of ADHD. Studies suggest that executive-functioning skills continue to improve and develop throughRead MoreFamily Counseling Approach5020 Word s   |  21 PagesTHE ISSUE OF CHOICE The Issue of Choice: Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy Melissa Trask Liberty University May 12, 2010 Abstract Counseling has been in existence from the beginning of time. From Jethro to Freud, therapists and philosophers have been seeking insight into the core of human nature and cognitions. Cognitive-Behavioral therapy(CBT) recognizes that faulty cognitions and beliefs affect the behaviors of individuals. One method of cognitive-behavior therapy, reality therapy, incorporatesRead MoreAttachment Is Defined As The Bond Between An Infant And A Primary Caregiver And The Reaction Essay1925 Words   |  8 Pagesdevelops. Beyond ten months, multiple attachments occur most likely with the caregiver that exhibits sensitive responsiveness (McLeod, 2009). In contradiction to the behavioral theory that stated that a child’s attachment to his/her mother was a set of learned behaviors centered around who fed the child, J. Bowlby introduced the attachment theory (McLeod, 2009). According to Bowlby, an infant’s attachment to his/her primary caregiver will be the secure protective base from which s/he will explore his/herRead MoreBorderline Personality Disorder: A Literature Review Essay1589 Words   |  7 Pagesreactivity of mood (e.g., intense episodic dysphoria, irritability, or anxiety usually lasting a few hours and only rarely more than a few days). 7. Chronic feelings of emptiness. 8. Inappropriate, intense anger or difficulty controlling anger (e.g., frequent displays of temper, constant anger, recurrent physical fights). 9. Transient, stress-related paranoid ideation or severe dissociative symptoms. (Borderline Personality Disorder section, para.1) People with BPD also experience different co-occurringRead MoreAttention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (Adhd) Is A Neurobehavioral1784 Words   |  8 Pagesneurological disorder in children and is also one of the most researched childhood psychiatric disorder. In fact, many researchers believe that ADHD is over diagnosed and medication is too quickly prescribed to treat the disorder without trying alternate treatments like behavior management (Worley, 2017). The prevalence of ADHD worldwide is estimated to have reached 5.29% although there are gender differences with the prevalence being much higher in boys than in girls (Roskam, et al., 2014). In fact, thereRead MoreThe Self in Social Psychology and Implications for Counseling Practice3166 Words   |  13 Pagespsychology include understanding the self in terms of cognitive, affective, and behavioral constructs (Fiske, 2004). Further, Fiske (2004) identifies several conceptual definitions of self, such as inner self and social self, and defines the core social motives of self as understanding, enhancing, and belonging. However, many researchers have investigated more specific understandings of the self in relation to social psychology, such as social comparison theory (Festinger, 1954), symbolic interaction (ShraugerRead MorePhysic 1004192 Words   |  17 Pagesexecutive positions live longer than those in clerical positions. This best illustrates the | | |value of: | |A) |emotion-focused coping. | |B) |the general adaptation syndrome. | |C)Read MoreCounselling Intake Form4679 Words   |  19 PagesSolution Focused Therapy    PsychPage... perspectives on psychology in daily life *   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  PsychPageFamilyCouplesTherapy Contents * Basic Theory * Steps In Therapy * Does This Many are stubborn in the pursuit of the path they have chosen, few in the pursuit of the goal - Nietzche Solution Focused Therapy (SFT) is sometimes linked to general Brief Therapy, Problem-Focused Therapy, and Possibility Therapy†¦. All share some common points of focus: * Traditional

Creative Writing The Power of the American Dream - 867 Words

A blue house, red shutters, and a white picket fence with a border collie. Three kids are running around in the front lawn up on a hilltop. That is what the American dream is right? The American dream is truly in the eye of the beholder. One might think that the American dream is an apartment in downtown Los Angeles, but others might want the smell of fresh cut grass in a small suburb. It’s whatever the person who is working for it wants it to be. As we can see in the play, all of the main characters might be striving for an American dream, but none of them are striving for their same American dream. The idea of the American dream has a strange power to it. It seems to almost drive people insane with all of the ideas thrown into their brain: some not even achievable. There is no doubt it is always good to have a â€Å"dream† idea to give work an incentive. When we get caught up in work striving for the next thing, we can get caught up in the work and lose the initial dream. The American dream can be a great incentive, but at the same time can be a great disappointment as we can see in â€Å"A Raisin in the Sun† on when he gets so flustered he begins speaking jibberish. â€Å"Father, just gi ussen de money, fo Gods sake, and wes—wes aint gwine come out deh and dirty up yo white folks neighborhood ... And Ill feel fine! Fine! FINE!† When Walter gets a glimpse at what he sees as the American dream, it gets ripped away from him. Walter literally crumbles in front of his whole family.Show MoreRelated`` Dreams `` By Langston Hughes Essay1667 Words   |  7 Pagesinspiring work. Whereas in Langston Hughes poem Dreams encourages people to achieve ones goals and goals for a community of people no matter what the obstacles are; Hughes illustrated this through using a lyrical style of writing and metaphors. Due to the lack of acknowledgment of African Americans cultural, social and artistic capabilities, Langston Hughes stood as the hero image for blacks everywhere. Likewise, the 1920 s to 1940 s bloomed a creative art movement for black folks. The idea thatRead MoreIdentifying And Surveying F. Scott Fitzgerald s The Great Gatsby1675 Words   |  7 PagesWhilst analysing and surveying F. Scott Fitzgerald s fulfilling and creative way of writing, I present to you today the body of work in the context of the writers time, discussing and paying attention to the social, historical, cultural and political discourses within the text. F.Scott Fitzgerald constructs a variety of truths throughout the novel, the two truths that where clearly noticeable where â€Å"The American dream† and â€Å"Old and New Money† which greatly supported the normalities of the era, theseRead MoreAnalysis Of The Poem Howl 1406 Words   |  6 Pagesafter the devastating World War II. After WWII t hat’s when the American dream was in full force throughout the whole world. Many Immigrants were trying to migrate to the US at that time for a better living. At the same time media was becoming big and powerful gaining trust from citizens while television was on its peak being the most important part of the media growth as it exported an immense number news to consumers. While Americans were busy with the new experience of having, news transmitted toRead MoreThe Sour Cream Container1283 Words   |  6 Pagesart, plays, zines, and many more creative projects that flourish into something much more. Rasquachismo is a way in which many people have performed politics where they use art or plays to be able to make their presence noticeable to the public. By using rasquachismo, Chicanos can represent their struggles and hopes for the future while practicing counter scripts. This is possible by representing who they truly are through their resistance to assimilate to the American w ay of life, which according toRead MoreThe Great Gatsby And Cugat s Cover Art1446 Words   |  6 PagesArt and Literature connect in a multitude of ways, including style, message, and creative vision. Yet, it is not often that these two converge in a way that heightens the messages of both. F. Scott Fitzgerald’s The Great Gatsby and Cugat’s cover art exhibit the synthesis of these two expressions. By writing the cover into the story, Fitzgerald blurs the line that separates these two pieces of art and merges their message of change to culture and the true nature of that culture. With the artisticRead MoreThe American Dream1652 Words   |  7 Pagesclassical American dream is sought after like the fountain of youth by immigrants. The history of America is sewed with different immigrant groups fleeing their own country in order for a better life in the new world. Through libertarian ideals, rights and duties guaranteed by our Constitution, the American dream, education ideals and individualization, America are still a growing country that is currently evolving based on changing ethnic and cultural identities. Learned Hand was an American scholarRead MoreEssay on Black Arts Movement1626 Words   |  7 Pagesrise up artistically. The concept of Black Power stemmed from the Black Arts Movement. Black Power was a political movement that arose to express a new racial consciousness among Blacks in the United States. Black Power represented a racial dignity leading to freedom from white authority in economic and political grounds. In this era, African Americans went back to learn from old cultural history and traditions (Gladney). Major goals for Black Power were for all Black people to define the worldRead MoreBlack Arts Movement Essay1606 Words   |  7 Pagesrise up artistically. The concept of Black Power stemmed from the Black Arts Movement. Black Power was a political movement that arose to express a new racial consciousness among Blacks in the United States. Black Power represented a racial dignity leading to freedom from white authority in economic and political grounds. In this era, African Americans went back to learn from old cultural history and traditions (Gladney). Major goals for Black Power were for all Black people to define the worldRead MoreEssay about Surrealism and Radically New Approach816 Words   |  4 Pages  This  could  be  due  to  the  rise  of  the  Harlem  Renaissance,  something  that  focused  on  the  black  atheistic,  or  the  African  American  rise  of  creative  expression.  Authors  of  the  time  period  were  authors  Gwendolyn  Brooks  or  Langston  Hughes--  the  importance  of  these  authors  was  their  ability  to  giv e  a  voice  to/unify  African  Americans  who  had  little  or  no  voice  in  our  culture  at  the  time.  Authors  began  writing  in  a  more  colloquial  style,  the  language  spoken  by  most  literate  people,  to  reach  a  larger  base  of  people  tRead MoreThe Great Gatsby : Similarities And Comparisons1382 Words   |  6 PagesHani Abidi Honors American Lit. 12/8/2014 The Great Gatsby Similarities and Comparisons The Great Gatsby is an American Novel written by F. Scott Fitzgerald, published in 1925 and set in the summer of 1922 in the fictional towns of East and West Egg in Long Island, New York. The story is about the young and perplexing millionaire Jay Gatsby, and his obsession to win back the only girl he’d ever loved, a Southern debutante the name of Daisy Buchanan. Some themes in the novel include dedication, destructiveness

Tanglewood free essay sample

The environmental scan for Tanglewood is very complex. According to the scan, there is a consistent supply of qualified individuals to fill managerial positions; however, it has been determined that Tanglewood may experience difficulties completing this task for several reasons. First, retail is often viewed as an undesirable market for recent college graduates. Secondly, many associate retail with working long hours, low pay, and frequent conflict with lower-level employees. These factors lessen as individuals move up in management, but many qualified candidates dont want to invest years of employment to reach this goal. Lastly, the hiring policy at Tanglewood requires employees to enter as store associates and slowly move up the hierarchy. Tanglewood strives to promote extensively from within, and its internal staffing strategy is seen as the real strength for the company, and a tool to increase the retention of lower level employees. Markov Analysis Action Plan According to the forecast of labor requirements found in Table 1. We will write a custom essay sample on Tanglewood or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page 1, next year’s projections suggest Tanglewood will need 4. 845 store associates, 42 shift leaders, 105 department managers, 21 assistant managers and 5 store manager. Based on Tanglewood’s practice of hiring internally, our hiring efforts will focus of hiring additional store associates. We will hire additional sales associates to met our staffing needs and to fill any vacancies created through our internal efforts to fill existing managerial positions. We will also strive to met our qualitative staffing objectives through making small adjustments in our organization’s recruitment efforts to employee a better quality of employees, develop talent and have an exceptional workforce. We will do this by erasing the negative perceptions of the retail industry. The first step to completing this task involves making adjustments to our employment arrangements. Flexible schedules will be offered to support a healthy work-life balance for employees. Also, Tanglewood will actively participate in campus job fairs, recruitment efforts and partner with local universities to be more visible in the community as a preferred employer and an employer of choice. It is also suggested that Tanglewood develop a management training program to recruit and retain promising college graduates. This program will use the Tanglewood philosophy of starting from the bottom and moving up to allow management trainees to be exposed to Tanglewood and its organizational culture and philosophy. For current employees that show promise, Tanglewood should create a management mentoring program that will allow them to partner with members of management. This partnership will expose high-speed and promising employees to a wealth of feedback, knowledge, experience, guidance and leadership needed to be successful in the Tanglewood family. Flex or multi-tasked work environment should be created allowing employees to work in and learn multiple departments and job functions. This promotes developing talent through developing new skills sets. We also suggest creating an employee appreciation campaign to allow employees to acknowledge each others’ efforts and hard-work or to simply say thank you. This campaign can include the disbursement of thank you points that can be used by employees to obtain discounts on merchandise purchased in the store or online. This effort promotes morale and employee appreciation. To continue with the employee appreciation pilot, Tanglewood should administer a semi-annual employee survey. This survey will serve as a report card for Tanglewood to determine how effective or ineffective they are in employee appreciation, and meeting its organizational goals to its employees. Disparate Impact Analyses After examining the percentages of employees represented across demographic categories for Tanglewood and the labor market, it is determined there are particular classes or jobs where the representation within Tanglewood appears to be out of line with the available workforce. The percentages employed for females and minorities is less than what would reasonably be expected by the availability percentage for shift leaders; 68. 9% and 70. 6% respectively. the percentage employed for females and minorities is less than what would reasonably be excepted by the availability percentage for department managers; 78.8%. To address this matter, Tanglewood needs to establish a incumbency percent goal to move the demographics representation in line with the available workforce. The best option to achieve this is to solicit employment through advertisement that will be target at the protected party. Adjustments are required; however, this is a goal that can be achieved within the current year. Efforts should be made to solicit external hires to better represent the party in whole.

The Wordy Shipmates Critical Review free essay sample

In The Wordy Shipmates, author Sarah Vowell talks about the Puritans and different aspects of the formation of the Massachusetts Bay Colony. Vowell makes a vague thesis about how the Puritans were a writing based group of people. Their lives were influenced by all forms of writing whether it is pamphlets, literature, or the bible. The Wordy Shipmates starts off with Vowell stating, â€Å"The only thing more dangerous than an idea is a belief. And by dangerous I don’t mean thought-provoking. I mean: might get people killed. † Vowell supports this statement throughout her The Wordy Shipmates as she heavily explains how religion plays an important role in every part of the Puritan lifestyle during this time. When Vowell talks about the Puritan lifestyle back then, the main focus is politic, economic and social events that took place, not descriptions of their everyday lives. Some Puritans were most definitely more religious than others and Vowell does a good said at explaining both points of view while still proving a point she is trying to make Vowell talks the Salem Witch Trials, the â€Å"A Model of Christian Charity† speech and people such as Anne Hutchinson or the Pequot tribe to defend her opening statement about beliefs. We will write a custom essay sample on The Wordy Shipmates Critical Review or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page The emphasis that was put on religion by the Puritans would lead to events that are still relevant to America today. By writing The Wordy Shipmates, Vowell provides a more in depth look at the Puritans that would not be the focus point in a history class. Although Vowell may seem to point more toward the biased side at some points, she does a pretty good job of staying on the â€Å"middle ground† through The Wordy Shipmates. Although The Wordy Shipmates was not the worst book ever written, it was, in my opinion, definitely not the best. When I first started reading the novel, I wasn’t really sure on which direction Vowell was attempting to take this book. Even as I read a little further into the book her thesis was no clear to me. The lack of chapters in The Wordy Shipmates makes it hard to keep track of what Vowell is talking about or to even see where she will be going next. On top of the lack of defined chapters, Vowell’s almost constant rants make it hard to keeps the events lined up or even follow what she is going on and on about. If you can get past the disorganization or the frequent rants that Vowell seems to have, the actual vocabulary used in The Wordy Shipmates is not anything crazy or complex. The Puritans are not the most exciting group of people to read about but Vowell’s references to pop culture and other more modern events make the history in the novel easier to understand. Vowell goes into detail about almost every person or topic she brings up in The Wordy Shipmates, which could be both a good thing and a bad thing. The good part is that it really shows her understanding of the events that are taking place and she tends to stay unbiased as she goes into detail. The bad part is that her insane amount of details makes the book boring at times when she tends to be detailed about things that would be equally understood if she were to just make a general statement. Vowell has a unique way of looking at things which does make her book somewhat enjoyable to read. Vowell talks about history in a more â€Å"not so serious† tone which makes The Wordy Shipmates differ greatly from other history books on the same topic. There are things in The Wordy Shipmates that are interesting to read about because Vowell doesn’t only mention the typical events that seemed to be constantly talked about when it comes the Puritans and the Massachusetts Bay Colony. If you want a less typical way of learning about the Puritans in the colonies then The Wordy Shipmates really is not all that of a book. The Wordy Shipmates is not a book that is targeted so anyone who can get past the lack of chapters and Vowell’s constant rants has a chance at enjoying this book. The Wordy Shipmates might not be my first pick when it comes to reading a book but it definitely has a different way of looking at the Puritan colonists and how their actions still affect life in America today.

buy custom The Impacts of Changing Software Requirements essay

buy custom The Impacts of Changing Software Requirements essay The issue of new changes to be introduced into the system should be addressed during the earlier stages than at the late stages of the software development life circle. The later a change is addressed, the greater the cost, risk and duration of the project. The first scenario depicts some stakeholders (the project team leaders) as being part of the source of the feature creep introduction. The company signs an agreement that was not initially part of the deal. This issue has both its advantages and disadvantages. Starting with the advantages, the company has decided to adopt a framework that is in line with the ADA and section 508. This is a great deal as it provides for more user needs and standards. The feature creep in this case helps achieve the business goal as well as the customer needs. It as well aids in advancing the project to fit into its ideal problem solving state. Based on various techniques, a team through their leader can cope up with the changes and come up with a strategy that will allow them to deliver the software according to the new requirements. First of all, on the start of the project, the team has a mandate to accept that feature creep is part of the project so, prepare in advance. Secondly, they can commit enough time to the requirements elicitation. While performing the intensve requirements analysis, they should also consider the boundaries to changes and when they can be made. Meanwhile, the team should remain task-oriented and consider the customer as right while taking on a lot of research before deciding to commit. On the other hand, the feature creep has negative impacts on the developing team. First of all, additional costs have to be incurred. The developers possibly have to fix the new requirements beginning with the point of integration of the new idea. The project takes more time than the initially decided time and more risks have to be incurred. This leads to delay in the project delivery an altered project milestone results. Most programming languages have a steep learning overhead hence new suggestions would put everything on hold. This leads into the team members frustration especially in the case where they were not consulted. It is therefore necessary to have the project team aware of any consultations and their directions. In the second scenario, the Contents Management System, a scope creep is introduced into the system. The project is now meant to handle more Operating Systems based on a web platform. The result of this is additional development expenses and time introduced into the system. In addition, the complexity of the system becomes a question. Before anything can be done with the suggestions that have been made, it is necessary to carry out a change analysis. The requirements must be considered so that the product satisfies the clients needs. Some changes may be critical to a system so, they must be included whereas some are optional hence can be included in a version of the software. Any alternative that is taken has an impact on the design. First, there is a time taken to decide on which option to take. Secondly, there are new risks that are introduced into the projects design phase. The design may be produced in a manner that doesnt satisfy the customers need. Lastly, the cost of the whole project goes higher than the initially intended costs. This is due to more resources that need to be allocated to the projects in order to accomplish the new mission. Nevertheless, the second scenario leaves the system developers with a decision to make on whether to take the change defer it or reject it. If the developers decide on a progressive application upgrading, then they can start off with the initial projects and implements the customers needs. However, rejecting the change is the least expected decision. A project that fails to address the change in the requirements and quantifying the effects of the changes normally fails. Buy custom The Impacts of Changing Software Requirements essay

greetings Essays

greetings Essays greetings Essay greetings Essay Greetings United States of America Both men and women usually smile and shake hands when greeting. The American handshake is usually firm. Good friends and relatives may embrace when they meet, especially after a long absence. In casual situations, people may wave rather than shake hands. Friends also wave to each other at a distance. Americans may greet strangers on the street by saying Hello or Good morning (in Spanish, Hola or Buenos dias), although they may pass without any greeting. Among young people, casual verbal greetings or hand-slapping and fist-bumping gestures are common. Except in formal situations, people who are acquainted generally address one another by given name. Combining a title (Mr. , Ms. , Dr. , for example) with a family name shows respect. When greeting someone for the first time, Americans commonly say Nice to meet you. A simple Hello or Hi is also common. Regional variations exist, such as Howdy (Hi) in some southern regions or Aloha (Hello) in Hawaii. Friends often greet each other with How are you? and respond Fine, thanks. Americans do not usually expect any further answer to the question. American greetings are generally quite informal. This is not intended to show lack of respect, but rather a manifestation of the American belief that everyone is equal. Although it is expected in business situations, some Americans do not shake hands at social events. Instead, they may greet you with a casual Hello or How are you? or even Just HI. In larger groups, many may not greet you at all. In social situations, Americans rarely shake hands upon leaving. The only proper answers to the greetings How do you do? How are you? or How are you doing? re Fine, Great, or Very well, thank you. This is not a request for information about your well-being; it is simply a pleasantry. See you later is Just an expression. People say this even if they never plan to see you again. When saying good-bye, Americans may say Well have to get together or Lets do lunch. This is simply a friendly gesture. Unless your American colleague specifies a time and date, dont expect an invitation. If you wa nt to have lunch, you should take the initiative to schedule it. Stand while being introduced. : Only the elderly, the ill and physically unable persons remain seated while greeting or being introduced. It is good to include some information about a person you are introducing. Example: Susan Olson, Id like you to meet John Harmon. He designed the brochure we are using for this campaign. Use professional titles when you are introducing people to each other. Example: Judge Susan Olson, meet Dr. John Harmon. If you are introducing yourself, do not use your professional title. Handshakes are usually brief. Light handshakes are considered distasteful. Use a firm grip. Eye contact is important when shaking someones hand. There are many different ways people greet one another on the street, in the home, or in business situations throughout America. Understanding the appropriate use of the American greeting will make any situation comfortable as well as make a good impression on those in present company. Informal greetings include words such as Hi and Hey. Although other acknowledgments such as How do you do? or Im it doesnt necessarily mean they want to hear about your health conditions, they are imply using it as a greeting. A common, somewhat formal response is Im fine, thank you. Though less formal responses, if appropriate, can be as casual as Good! or even 0K. Americans will usually say Good-bye or simply Bye when bidding someone farewell at the time of departure. More expressive salutations include Have a nice day, It was nice seeing you, or See you later. Another simple, but greatly appreciated greeting or acknowledgment, which is universally recognized is a smile in combination with direct eye contact. Good riends, family members, or people in a romantic relationship might give each other a hug or even kiss upon meeting one another or when saying good-bye. This kind of greeting is however, reserved for people who know each other very well and share a very close relationship. Americans often shake hands when being introduced to someone. In more informal situations it is common for people not to shake hands unless a long period of time has elapsed and the people feel comfortable with each other and their mutual friendship. However, in formal business situations people ost often greet each other with a handshake every time they meet or say good-bye. As a gesture of friendliness, if a person offers you his hand, you should shake it. It could be considered rude if one didnt. Many times men are the only ones who shake hands in a mixed group. It is customary for a man to shake a womans hand only if she offers her hand first, though this is somewhat of an old-fashioned custom and today offering a hand to a woman is accepted, if not expected. An appropriate handshake should be firm and brief. It will be respected, in almost every social or professional situation when greeting or departing the presence of someone. On the other hand, a soft or weak handshake is viewed negatively by most people throughout the United States and is commonly thought of or indicates that the person might be insecure. Remember that social customs might vary in different parts of the country and also between younger and older generations of people, so it is always a good idea to observe the actions of others, the surrounding situation and whether the situation is formal or informal.

Case study on the design of a contemporary Civil Engineering project Essay - 1

Case study on the design of a contemporary Civil Engineering project - Essay Example The bridge is a natural expression of structural engineering and architecture but a city center footbridge is equally about people and the environment; in short a piece of public architecture. The bridge gives the pedestrians unique views of London, free from traffic and high above the Thames. In September 1996, a competition was organized by a London-based newspaper the Financial Times and London Borough of Southwark to design a new Footbridge across the River Thames. The idea behind the competition was to get the best design in every aspect therefore the teams participating in the design were structured to have an engineer, an architect and an artist. More than 200 teams participated and the competition was won by Arup (engineer), Foster (architect) and Sir Anthony Caro (Sculptor). The height restrictions and the view behind the bridge required an innovative design which was provided in the form of a design which included some unusual practices; the suspension design had supporting cables below the deck level. This innovative design was given the name ‘blade of light’ by its designers. The structure of the Millennium Bridge is innovative and complex but it has been designed to achieve an apparent simple form. The design of the Millennium Bridge is based on the following considerations: An evolved support system in which the majority of the bridge stiffness is created by shallow cable profile derived tension. This allows a light bridge deck structure. A modular design in which several structural members and components can be repeated in the structure, thus reducing the fabrication costs. This can also simplify the maintenance after the construction and allows easy execution of the construction phase. The distribution of the forces on the foundations should be such that they do not disturb the existing structures on the north bank and also the foundations of the existing bridges. The aesthetics of the bridge at night were also a big concern and a l ight pipe system illumination was proposed to create a ‘blade of light’ across the river at night. The river traffic analysis is also important while designing a bridge at such a location. A major issue was the provision of planning advice for gaining the necessary approvals to construct a new river crossing in the heart of London. Moreover ways of generating the finances for the bridge were also to be considered while designing the bridge. Superstructure Design The bridge design is a shallow suspension bridge in which the view behind the bridge is facilitated by keeping the suspension cables below the bridge deck. The bridge is supported on two river piers through two groups of four 120mm diameter locked coil cables which span from one bank to the other. The three spans of the bridge have different lengths. The middle span which lies between the two piers is 144m long. The north span is 81m long while the south span is 108m in length. Fabricated steel box sections whic h are known as the transverse arms span between the two